The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of the current localized textbooks and discuss improvement directions by comparing and analyzing the 2015 revised elementary social studies 4th grade textbooks published by 16 cities and provinces. The name of the textbook, the cover, and the amount of each unit were set as criteria for analyzing the external system of the textbook, and the unit and subject name and detailed structure, and the type of use of the textbook were set as criteria for analyzing the internal system. As a result of the analysis, the traditional name of the textbook '○○'s life' was the mainstream, but some showed different forms. The cover of the textbook mainly revealed natural or human environment of the region in illustration form, the deviation of textbook amount between regions was about four times, and the amount of units corresponding to the part where "regions" were specified in the curriculum standards tended to be biased. Most of the unit and subject names used the names or formats of nationwide social studies textbooks, and more than half of the detailed structures of the unit and subject were composed only of unit introduction and subject learning. However, unlike these main trends, there were also localized textbooks to which their own systems, contents, and methods were applied, focusing on the curriculum standards. As a result, localized textbooks could be divided into dependent and independent types based on the relationship between nationwide social textbooks, and the degree of strength and weakness could be distinguished from each type. The following points to note when compiling localized textbooks in the future are as follows. First, localized textbooks should be compiled by strengthening the characteristics of each type of subject learning structure, focusing on the curriculum achievement standards. Second, it should be a localized textbook that pursues the localization of the method beyond the localization of the content. Third, active interest and support for localized textbooks should be supported.