This study aimed to explore the contents and examples of physical activity in the elementary school physical education curriculum expression area to determine the changes and suggest the direction of improvement accordingly. Through this, it is intended to help vitalize elementary school physical education and expression classes and develop dance literacy. The method of this study was established by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and Ministry of Education and published on the homepage of the National Curriculum Information Center of the Ministry of Education and the Korea Institute of Curriculum and Evaluation. Data were collected using the research, and content and comparative analyses were conducted. The results were as follows. The names of the contents and examples of physical activities in the expression area mentioned from the first curriculum to the 2022 revised curriculum included the following: “rhythm play,” “dance play,” “dance,” “rhythm and expression movement,” “expression activity,” “basic expression of basic movements,” “expression methods of basic movements,” “sports expression activities,” “traditional expression activities,” and “modern expression activities.” The main words of physical activity contents and examples in the physical education and expression areas of the elementary school curriculum included the following: body mastery, rhythm, imitation expression, dancing, expression, appreciation, folk dance, expressive dance, movement language (movement movement, non-movement movement, and manipulation movement), expression elements (body, space, effort, and relationship), improvisational expression, creative dance, practical dance, gymnastics (decoration, ball, ribbon, hoop, and creation), skipping music, basic movement, and abstract expression. Therefore, based on the results of this study, the researcher proposes according to the rhythm among the basic movement expression methods, finding and expanding sports/traditional/contemporary expression activities, and cultivating dance literacy.