This article examines the development process and meaning of the wooden chamber tombs with stone mounds (additionally covered with an earthen layer) of the Gyeongsan region, where many cases of these tomb type have been excavated. Representative sites include the Imdang site (comprising the burial grounds of Imdang-dong, Joyeong-dong, Bujeok-ri), the Sinsang-ri burial ground, and Seonhwa-ri 1111 beonji site. At the Imdang site, wooden chamber tombs with stone mounds that belong to social groups of both the upper and middle rank of the region were constructed over a long period of time spanning two centuries. In the case of the tombs of Sinsang-ri and Seonhwa-ri, they were constructed over a short period of time, from the end of the 5th century to the mid-6th century by social groups of the middle lower rank. The wooden chamber tombs with stone mounds of the region indicate links with the center of the Silla Kingdom. It is suggested that there was a slight difference between the social groups of the upper and middle lower rank of the region in terms of their degree of relevance to the central power group of the Silla Kingdom. The relationship between the Silla Kingdom and each region power group during the Maripgan period can be seen to demonstrate the political context of the time, such as the possibility that the Silla Kingdom encouraged the social groups of the middle lower rank to migrate, as well as Silla’s policy of dispatching regional officials during the reign of King Jijeung. Particularly, the similarity of the structure of the wooden chamber tombs with stones mounds to that of the center of Silla is believed to be related to Silla’s process of strengthening royal authority and laying down the foundations that enabled its transition from the Maripgan phase to a stage in which a full-fledged centralized state was established.