This study examines the structure, characteristics, and changes of social networks in the middle Korean Neolithic period and discusses their implications. Due to the spread of pottery culture in the central-western region, a single network was formed, sharing common cultural elements throughout Southern Korea. However, the formation of a single network does not imply that the entire network was composed of relationships of the same level and in the same way. Therefore, this study conducted Social Network Analysis (SNA) to examine these relationships, using settlement sites and patterns on excavated pottery as the basic units and data. The results of the analysis confirmed that the network in the first half of the Middle Neolithic was concentrated in the central and western regions, especially around the Amsadong site. It was also confirmed that geographically adjacent sites show a certain level of similarity in pottery pattern composition, indicating a degree of relationship. However, there are also relationships that cannot be explained by geographical distance, which provides insights into understanding the spread of pottery culture in the central-western region. However, its spread to the Yeongdong region appears to have been the result of long-distance migration, while its spread to the south is associated with the gradual accumulation of short-distance migrations. The short-distance migrations had been proceeded by the establishment of new settlements at regular intervals. This strategic choice was made to minimize unnecessary competition and conflicts among groups while ensuring a stable acquisition of resources. The settlement sites newly formed after migration and settlement in the Yeongdong region also maintained regular interval distance, which supports this assumption. The network in the second half of the Middle Neolithic is less concentrated than in the first half, and the central and western regions, Yeongdong region, and Hoseo region each built their own regional networks. This regional differentiation implies an increased sharing of specific elements that distinguish each region from the others. The Yeongdong and Hoseo regions, given that the pottery culture from the central-western region had already spread in the first half of the middle period, would have likely been stabilized by the second half of the Middle Neolithic. It is possible that distinct characteristics emerged during this process, which distinguish them from other regions.