This study attempted to analyze the structural relationship between emotional problems, academic enthusiasm, and life satisfaction of senior elementary school students in the 6th grade of elementary school (using 3rd year data of 4th grade panel) conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (2018). Specific research questions First, how do the sub-factors of emotional problems in the upper grades of elementary school affect academic enthusiasm and life satisfaction? Second, what is the relationship between emotional problems, academic enthusiasm, and life satisfaction in the upper grades of elementary school? Third, how does academic enthusiasm of the upper grades of elementary school mediate the relationship between emotional problems and life satisfaction? To verify this, a structural equation model was estimated along with multiple regression analysis and bootstrapping. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that the sub-factors of emotional problems in the upper grades of elementary school significantly affected academic enthusiasm and life satisfaction. Second, senior elementary school students showed a significant correlation between emotional problems, academic enthusiasm, and life satisfaction, and the structural relationship model between variables was found to be suitable. Emotional problems of senior elementary school students were found to have a negative effect on academic enthusiasm and life satisfaction, and academic enthusiasm was found to have a positive effect on life satisfaction. Third, it was confirmed that the academic enthusiasm of senior elementary school students had a partial mediating effect between the relationship between emotional problems and life satisfaction. Based on the above results, it suggests that in order to increase the life satisfaction of elementary school seniors at the point of transition from childhood to adolescence, it is necessary to continue positive interactions between educational subjects in emotional situations, and to increase academic enthusiasm.