This study aimed to investigate the kindergarten teachers understandings and practices of socialization and individualization of young children. The participants of this study included 10 kindergarten teachers who had been in the field for more than 2 years. Basic qualitative research was conducted and in-depth interviews ware used as the main data collection methods. In-depth interviews were conducted from September 4, 2018 to October 23, 2018, for about two months, and were conducted twice for each participant in the form of semi-structured personal interviews for 60-90 minutes per session. The results of this study are as follows. The teachers defined socialization as self-regulation and social skill and social value acquisition, whereas they defined individuation as respect for self and development of autonomy. Although the teachers understood that socialization presupposed self-regulation and that individualization presupposed freedom, they believed that it was possible for socialization and individuation to coexist in education. They even assumed it to be their duty to harmonize socialization and individuation in educational context. In order to achieve the harmony, the teachers reported having conducted educational practices such as modeling, complimenting, supporting, and so forth. The teachers also took two different approaches in classroom management for the harmony of the socialization and individuation: the positive system and the negative system. Using these two approaches, the teachers tried to compromise the guidance of social norms and acceptance of children s freedom.