The purpose of this study is to investigate the role awareness and work overload, work engagement, and burnout perceived by clinical faculty, and to find out how role awareness as a medical teacher affects the relationship between role awareness as a clinician, work engagement, and burnout A total of 143 clinical faculty members were surveyed, and 78 internal medicine faculty, 42 surgical faculty members, and 23 other clinical faculty members participated. Clinical faculty were found to recognize roles in the order of 50.84% of clinicians, 29.43% of medical teachers, and 23.26% of researchers. 53.80% of faculties perceived the role of medical teacher higher than that of a researcher, 24.50% of faculties perceived the role of researcher higher than that of medical teacher, and 21.70% reported the same. Compared to the group with less than 17 years of the working period, the group with more than 17 years was significantly lower in work overload and exhaustion. On the other hand, there was a difference in job overload according to role awareness as a medical teacher, and it was found that exhaustion was perceived significantly lower. In the relationship between role awareness as a clinician, work engagement, and burnout, role awareness as a medical teacher was a completely mediating factor. In particular, when role awareness as a medical teacher was added, the explanatory power increased from 6.0% to 14.5%, and from 9.2% to 18.8%. In conclusion, there is a need for continuous efforts to raise role awareness as clinical teachers and explore job exhaustion and work engagement experienced by clinical teachers. It also proposed systematic support and intervention efforts that can provide psycho-social support for clinical teachers.