The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing health behavior and well-being in the elderly, to provide the basic data for a nursing intervention program in order to improve health management and well-being in the elderly. The subjects of this study were 106 elderly persons over the age 60, living at K city in Chungnam province from April 25 to May 30, 2001. The instruments for this study were the Social Activity Scale developed by Kim, J. S. (1990), the Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Sherer et. al. (1982), the Self-Concept Scale developed by Rosenberg( 1965) and interpreted by Jeon. B. J. (1974), the Social Support Scale developed by Brandt & Weinert( 1985), the Health Behavior Scale developed by Choi, Y. H. & Kim S. Y.(1997), and the Well-Being Scale developed by Jang. H. K. (1999). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The health behavior showed significant positive correlation with psychological health, social activity, self-concept, self efficacy, social support, and well-being. 2. The well-being showed significant positive correlation with physical health, psychological health, social activity, self-concept, self efficacy, social support, and health behavior. 3. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of health behavior was social activity. A combination of social activity(35.9%) and self-efficacy(12.6%) accounted for 48.5% of the variance in health behavior in the elderly. 4. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of well-being was health behavior. A combination of health behavior(70.0%), physical health(3.8%) and social support(5.8%) accounted for 79.6 % of the variance in well-being in the elderly. From the results of the study, we recommend that development of nursing intervention program for the health behavior and the well-being including the influencing factors in the elderly.