The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between children\'s behavior problem and related variables according to sex. The subjects were 322 5th and 6th grade elementary school students in Busan. The questionnaires on children\'s temperament, sensation seeking, self control, behavior problem, and maternal child-rearing behavior were used. Statistical techniques such as t-test, Pearson\'s correlation, multiple regression were used. The results were as follows: (1) According to sex, there were significant differences in children\'s temperament scores(emotionality), sensation seeking scores, self control scores, behavior problem scores(anxiety behavior scores and distracted behavior scores) and maternal child-rearing behavior scores. (2) There were significant correlations between children\'s temperament scores, sensation seeking scores, self control scores, maternal child-rearing behavior scores and children\'s problem behavior scores. (3) Children\'s temperament, sensation seeking, self control and maternal child-rearing behavior variables were significantly explained children\'s aggressive behavior, anxiety behavior and distracted behavior for boys, and aggressive behavior for girls. All variables explained children\'s aggressive behavior 29%, anxiety behavior 27%, and distracted behavior 22% for boys, and aggressive behavior 24% for girls respectively.