Reognizing that the efficiency and effectiveness of educational administration determine educational performance and/or results , this study attempted to solve the problem of conceptual confusion about the efficiency and effectiveness of educational administration and to suggest the alternative ways for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of educational administration. Therefore, firstly, this study analysed and defined the term "efficiency and effectiveness.” Secondly, this study reviewed some school's viewpoint about them. Thirdly, this study presented some criteria for measuring them of educational administration. Finally, some alternative ways were presented for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of educational administration. According to the findings of this study, efficiency relate to resource utilization, effectiveness to performance. Scientific management school, administration management school, and bureaucracy emphasized economic efficiency. Also, they respected the motion and time study as the indicator of effectiveness. But human relation school and socio-technical school added much more other variables and/or indicators as well as economic efficiency and effectiveness. Especially, they emphasized human and social efficiency and effectiveness. Criteria for measuring could not be produced by some objective apolitical process. They were always normative and often controversial. Alternative ways for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of educational administration were presented on the basis of the rationalization of the (1) planning process, (2) organizing process, (3) directing process, (4) controlling process of educational administration. In addition to these, this study proposed to positively employ modern administrative techniques.