Population education in Korea launched with the establishment of COPE(Centeral Office for Population Education) in the Ministry of Education with the support of UNFP A and UNESCO in 1974. Introduction of population education was the reflection of the situational demands for educational efforts to mitigate the serious population problems, and was the conversion from the population policies which laid emphasis on Family Planning programmes for adults to education which gave priority to the education for students. COPE carrired out such activities as basic researches, curriculum and material developments, teacher training and experiments in higher education in phase Ⅰ(1974-1977), nation-wide diffusion of the fruits of the phase Ⅰ in phase Ⅱ(1978-1980). After the disorganization of COPE in 1981, the population education programmes were transferred to KEDI, which has developed and distributed the varrious materials and trained the teachers since 1982. The evaluation of the effects of population education programmes for 12 years (1974-1985) is a difficult matter because of the hardships in qualitificating the effects and the time-lag between the schooling and the delibery and migration. It is, however, recognized as a matter of common knowledge that the population education has contributed to the relief of the seriousness of population problems, and to the innovations and developments of education itself of Korea. The objectives and contents of population education should be set up in accordance with the present population problems and the future situations of population which we hope to achieve, for population education has the attributes of population-influencing policy and of future oriented education. From these points of view, the problems of the current population education are as follows. 1. The impertinence of the objectives and contents followed from the introduction at 1974, 2. The vulnerability of the curriculum ogranization and its operations, 3. The absence of the intergrating and coordinating agency, and the difficulty in provision of funds. To solve the problems mentioned above and to reinforce the current population education following are suggested. 1. The objectives and contents should be modified and enriched, because the population situation has changed, 2. A new seperate subject should be organized such as one including sex education, population education, environmental education, and the issues of educational value. The new subject may be placed at 2nd or 3rd grade of junior high school, 3. A new agency coordinating the population education comprehensively should be established. The agency will uplift the efficacy and substantiality, 4. There should be no extinction in population education. The relief of serious population problems can not be achieved only with the physical, superficial administration and medical service. Tenacious efforts through the educational aspects will help to relieve the population problems effectively and substantially.