The purpose of this study is to examine the problems of classroom instructional process in elementary schools and to investigate innovating alternatives on the basis of construction and application of instructional system design. In order to accomplish this purpose, five research questions(1. analysis & statement of instructional objectives, 2. selection, organization & presentation of learning contents, 3. relations between teaching style and learning process, 4. production, selection & use of instructional media, 5. operation of instructional evaluating mechanism) were established in relation to construction and application of instructional system design, and classroom instructional process of two elementary schools( H school and W school) have been observed, described and interpreted In terms of ethnography. In this theoretical point of view, this study was performed how problems of classroom instructional processes have been occurred due to non-application of instructional system design under the ‘traditional model’, while how instructional system design has been applied effectively under the ‘technological model’ in W school. As the consequence, verification of the problems and alternatives in classroom instructional process was suggested through ethnographic methods (narrative obserevation, participant observation, in-depth interview). Furthermore, the fundamental reason were searched and presented intensely in the context of classroom culture why there was remarkable difference of classroom instructional processes between the two schools. In systhesizing the results of this study, in H school, instructional system design has not been applied correctly because closed, uniformed and unautonomous class culture is dominant in instructional processes. On the contrary, in W school, because of open, various and autonomous class culture, instructional system design has been carried out effectively. Accordingly, “correct application of instructional system design” and “creation of new class culture” are essentially required to improve the effectiveness of instructional system as well as the qualities of instructional process and learning accomplishment. In conclusion, accomplishment of instructional tasks in relation with teaching & learning activities depends upon teacer's teaching professionals. The interpretation on results of this study shows that the teachers in W school has been able to fulfill effective classroom instructionsl processes by the technological model. Consequently, teacher's teaching professionals should be improved within classroom instruction in order that correct application of instructional system design may be settled down on the ground of new class culture, as an innovating alternatives for class instructions elementary schools. And thus, teachers should have good understanding about instructional processes, study their instructional activities continuously, and try to apply it practically.