This paper surveys the role of education in solving poverty as a social problem, by analyzing the documentary materials in general and specifically the living conditions in Korea. As theoretical background about the problem of poverty, its definition, kinds, causes and remedies were reviewed. And the practical situation and the war on poverty in the United States and in Korea were analyzed and compared. The result of the review led me to conclude that: 1. education must be responsible for being poor and it may play an important role in solving the problem of poverty. 2. the following may be emphasized in education for the sake of rapid solution of the issues concerning poverty: a. preventing incompetences for preschool children and giving compensatory programs to the disadvantaged of whom by far the greater part is the poor, b. educating adults to take a new role as teachers of their own children and to have the workmanship with high motives, c. training the poor to have appropriate techniques in the world of their occupations, d. giving the poor students a relevant. and diversified curriculum, e. instructing the poor students to meet their needs and to solve their problems, and f. presenting desirable conditions of educational administration to back up above considerations.