Education in Korea has been rapidly expanded since emancipation from Japanese colony. In this process there have been many problems such as authoritarian educational administration, teacher's immorality, poor educational environment and irrational educational policy. Many Korean people agree that one of the most serious problems among these is the fact that the main objective and the content of high school is considered to be entering the university. Most Korean high sehool students cannot sleep for 3 or 4 hours in a day mainly because of the preparation for the entrance examination. Most activities in home as well as school are to memorize innert ideas, facts, and solving arithmatic questions. They have no opportunity for enjoying their lives, listening to music, camping, playing baseball, etc. The door to the university does not open to everybody. Only 1/4 among the applicants can enter this. About one hundred students in a year kill their lives for the failure of the examination or the fear of not passing the door. The paper analizes the problems of and inquires into an alternative for knowledge education in Korean high school. This will be done mainly from the perspective that the indivldual child should be given the opportunity to be grown emotionally and intellectually through education. All the students in a classroom learn the same textbook and have scarecely the opportunity to make the questions about the explanation they cannot understand. About 60 students in a class make it almost impossible for an individual pupil to learn the contents from the teacher. At least 2 or 3 students among middle school students in a class cannot read the book. They just sit in rather than study in school. When a professor visited a high school and observed the class, 1/3 or 1/4 among the students in a class slept on the their desks and the teacher did not pay any attention to them. Being puzzeled, he asked the principal the reason. The principal said, "they really love the school. If they do not sleep and ask to teach them in a way that they can fully understand, how some able students in the same class can have the opportunity to study to enter the university?" It is almost impossible for different people to have same interests, personality and ability. One of the main problems in Korean high school is that this self-evident truth is not accepted as an important principle of education. The students learn the same textbook through same method irrespective of their interests, aptitudes and abilities, etc. The teachers do not try to learn various teaching methods and new trends of the field because they think there is no need. We must make much efforts to improve our education. One of the basic principles should be to make an individual child to grow emotionally and intelletually. The educational system in our country should be changed in a way that the teacher can identify individual child's interest and intellectual ability and make him or her grow fully through necessary teaching method and content. We reviewed such an alternative which was practiced by a Russian educational scholor.