This thesis tries to extract F. Truffaut's educational ideas, focused on the relation between milieus and desires, from his maiden long film at the age of 27, which represented his unfortunate juvenility. At the beginning, I assume two interpretations, one is that of superiority of the milieu to the desire and the other that of superiority of the desire to the milieu, may be contrast. I could find out his educational idea from the reverse images of the scenes. So, generally speaking, his educational idea is the adult generation's positive influences on the next generation. But the milieu's influence on the desire remains the indeterminable remainder(Educational Idea ?, abridged 'EI?'). When we search minutely again, EI? that presumes that the milieus are the active and the character Antoine in the milieus is passive is not exactly congenial to the Truffaut's because he brings active and positive desires into relief. The film shows us the objects of these positive and productive desires in several singular scenes such as the becoming of H. de Balzac, of child's mind, and of grand sea of creativity. But here again I find out the meaning of unrealizable criteria especially in the scene of child's mind(Educational Idea ?, abridged 'EI?').