This study intended to determine how the effect of music listening, especially the recorded CD music and live music, on the anxiety reduction of hospitalized children facing needle-related procedures. In order to form test groups, subjects were selected from the children hospitalized in the Pediatrics Dept., K University Hospital in Seoul, who satisfied the subject selection criteria and aged from 3 to 6 years from Sept. 21 to Oct. 29, 2003. Among selected subjects, 20 were put into the control group, 20 to test group 1 (CD recording music) and 20 to test group 2 (live music). The anxiety of the child was measured by PBCL and when the child entered the treatment room for injection after the hospital registration and the degree of pain recognition, FPRS. The anxiety behavior was measured and analyzed all through the injection using Observed Behavior Interval Recording Form. Six children\'s songs selected from previous survey were played and recorded into a CD previously and replayed later for the test group 1, and the same songs were played live in front of the test group 2. No musical treatment was given to the control group. The result were as follows; First, significant differences were found between the control group and the music listening group(CD, live) concerning PBCL. The PBCL for live music group was lower than that of CD group. Second, there were also significant differences between the control group and the music listening group(CD, live) concerning FPRS, and the live music group showed lower FPRS than CD group. Third, the frequency of no behavior distress of children throughout the injection was different from each group and each period, and especially the live music group showed highest no behavior distress subjected to the anxiety before injection. From the said outcome, the music listening groups, especially the use of live music, was determined to be quite effective for reducing the anxiety of hospitalized children during injection thereby recovered psychological stability and relieved pain.