High porous silica aerogel/polyurethane polymer composite was manufactured by cross-linking polymerization of polyurethane foaming process. The properties of microstructure, mechanical strength, and thermal properties were investigated for its various applications. The superhydrophobic silica aerogel powders were used for highly thermal insulation filler materials. The thermal conductivities can be resulted 0.07 W/mK to 0.13 W/mK, by decreasing the contents of silica aerogels in composite materials. It is found that the polymerization formulation by organic binders can be applied to heavy industires, building materials, and various industries.