This study aims to examine the factors affecting students’ intent and decision of dropping out of the department of public health at a health college. Data were collected from October 12 to 18, 2009. Six hundred students from a public health college were randomly sampled and their responses from a questionnaire were collected by the researcher and research assistant. Thirty seven respondents showed unfaithful responses or no response and thus were not used for the analysis of research. Data were analyzed with frequency analysis, cross tabulations, and logistic regression analysis using SPSS/PC version 12.0 and the results of the research were summarized as follows. First, the cases that showed intent of dropping out were 196 (34.8%) and those that answered no intent of dropping out were 367 (65.2%). Second, the average for adaptation to college life was 2.90 referring to a mid-level adaption. As a sub-factor, the average for academic adaptation was 2.38, social adaptation was 2.58, emotional adaptation was 2.50, physical adaptation was 2.46, and attachment to college was 2.61. Third, the average for educational institution variables was 2.60 and showed mid-level satisfaction and according to factors, the average for academic factors was 2.52 (0.61) and environmental factors was 2.25 (0.64). Fourth, the average for social variables was 2.90 and showed mid-level satisfaction and according to the factors, the average for social support factor was 2.74 (0.63) and social recognition was 2.55 (0.75). Fifth, as a result of cross tabulations for examining the relation to intention of dropout depending on demographic and academic characteristics, it was found that sex, parents’ economic level, grade and types of high school had a significant influence on dropouts. Sixth, as a result of performing logistic regression analysis by sub-factors to better understand the effects on intent to dropout, it was found that social adaptation in adaptation to college life, academic and environmental factors in educational institution variables, and social support and recognition in social variables had a significant influence on intent to dropout. This study examined the factors that determined students’ intent to dropout of public health college. Since it was found that the general factors of personal, home, school and social variables are not specific variables that affected intent to dropout, multiple intervention programs for decreasing the rate of dropout and increasing the retention of students should be developed and applied.