혼잣말 허용 여부에 따른 만 3세와 만 5세 유아의 정서조절

김민경; 이순형

서지반출

국문초록

본 연구는 유아의 연령, 성별, 혼잣말의 발화 여부에 따른 정서조절의 차이를 알아보고, 발화 빈도 및 내 용과 정서조절 간의 관계를 규명하고자 한다. 이를 위해 서울 및 경기도에 거주하는 만 3세 유아 21명과 만 5세 유아 20명에게 혼잣말 발화 허용 및 금지 조건에서 실망과제를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 변량 분석, t 검증, 피어슨의 적률 상관계수를 통해 분석하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유 아의 정서조절은 연령과 혼잣말 허용 여부에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 실망과제에서 5세 유아가 긍정 정서를 더 많이 표현하였고, 혼잣말 발화 허용 조건에서 정서조절을 더 잘 하였다. 특히 부정정서 표현에 서 연령, 성별, 혼잣말 허용 여부 사이에 유의한 상호작용이 나타났다. 3세의 경우는 여아가 혼잣말 발화 금지 조건에서 부정정서 표현을 많이 하였고, 5세의 경우는 남아가 동일 조건에서 부정정서 표현을 많이 하였다. 둘째, 혼잣말 발화 빈도와 정서조절 사이에는 유의한 관계가 나타나지 않았으나 발화 내용과 정 서조절 사이에는 부분적으로 유의한 관계가 나타났다. 혼잣말의 자기조절기능에 대한 선행 연구들이 인 지적 자기조절에 집중되어있는데 반해 이 연구는 혼잣말이 정서조절에 긍정적 영향을 준다는 것을 밝힘 으로써 자기조절을 다면적으로 이해하고자 했다는 점에 의의가 있다. 또한 부모나 교사는 유아의 혼잣말 사용을 격려하여 자기조절 전략으로서 혼잣말 사용을 교수 방법에 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

영문초록

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between children's private speech and emotional regulation. The subjects were 21 three-year-old children and 20 five-year-old children in Seoul and Kyung-gi areas. They were assigned to two different conditions (encouraging and discouraging private speech) and asked to perform a disappointing situation task. The children were videotaped individually during each task. There was a significant difference on the emotional regulation according to age and the encouragement or discouragement of private speech. Five-year-old children showed more positive emotional expression especially in the encouraging private speech condition. Although there was no correlation between the frequency of private speech and emotional regulation, there was a positive relationship between external manifestations of inner speech and positive emotional expression. The results supported Vygotsky’s perspective that regarded private speech as an intermediate stage in the transition from external social communication to internal self-direction. Moreover, the results indicated that private speech could be an instrument not only for the purpose of guiding cognitive performance but also for regulating one’s emotions. This information can be used to develop interventions aimed at encouraging children’s private speech as a strategy of self-regulation.

키워드

혼잣말 자기조절 정서조절 private speech self regulation emotional regulation

참고문헌 (49건)

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