The number of our public museums increases faster than that of other type museums. This is partly because projects competitively planned by local governments have got results since implementation of autonomous local government system. At this moment when the number of our museums amounts to 1,000, explosive increase of the number of museums might achieve a goal to approach an advanced country, but it is true that some people discount it by saying that “there is only administration without operation” from the viewpoint of function and role of museum. Following is summary of solutions to break through the problems which our public museums have; First one is central government’s role from the construction phase of public museum and reflection of policies for operation evaluation data. Now, the problem is not construction but operation, absolutely. It is possible to build a public museum subject to an agreement with the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. Therefore, at the time of building a museum, it is required to correctly set up operation matters occurring after the construction to the extent not exceeding limitation of the Local Government Act in order to prevent problems due to poor operations. Second one is role of public museums suitable for 21st century. Local public museums have to further strengthen social·cultural role rather than political·economical role. In addition, they have to re‐establish their status by expanding their role as a local institution for lifelong education. Third one is to secure curators’ budget and stability of their position. Increase in the number of public museums is immediately connected to contract curators. Instability of their position hinders stable operation of museums through long‐term planning. It does not make sense to expect development of museums if curators feel uncomfortable with their future position in 1 or 2 years. And, securing curators is not the problem of budget but the problem of recognition. Final one is establishment of museum director system. A local government head acts as the representative of a public museum and quite a few public museums do not have museum directors. It is necessary to complete a system of nationwide public museum organization by appointing a curator or a researcher as a museum director according to its size. Completion of such system will result in positive effect due to its smooth network. With respect to investment in public museums, budget is not the problem but recognition is the real problem. There is no need to build a public museum if they take care of its administration only. It is required for a public museum to find its role through exercise of its normal function.