This study is to identify the way students\' relying on chance influenced the education in the early Chosun-Dynasty. For this, the causes and the results of students\' relying on chance, and the counterplans for it of the educational authorities were examined. And the conclusions are as follows : 1. Byul-Si(別試), the special state examinations provided by the kings on special occasions, which were administered more frequently and were simpler in test procedure than the regular state examinations made the students rely on chance. 2. The students had a tendency to depend upon Chojip(抄集) which was a collection of questions anticipated to be on the state examination, hoping to succeed in the state examination with little effort. 3. Whatever subjects for examination might be, most students never ceased to expect chance luck. After all, examination itself was the main cause to make students rely on chance. 4. The examiners\' insincere marking increased tendencies to depend on chances of students. 5. The students would not be in attendence at schools, since the tendencies to depend on chances of students was so prevailing. 6. Byul-Si being the main cause of students\' relying on chance, the kings would not stop it. And the authorities did not make efforts to reduce the tendencies. Owing to this, tendencies to depend on chances of students continued over the early Chosun-Dynasty period.