Teachers' knowledge, practice, and the relationship between knowledge and practice have been significantly explored in the research area of science teachers' professionalism. The purpose of this study is to examine what two research perspectives, pedagogical content knowledge and practical knowledge, have been done in their own research areas of science teacher education. Our review reveals that what the epistemological orientation of the two research perspectives have seemed to be and what the perspectives have said about the nature, establishment, development of the knowledge related to practice in teaching. The review identifies commonality and difference in the two research perspectives, finds theoretical and practical implications for science teacher education, and provides direction for future research.