The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on the physical fitness by the rope skipping during long term. 90 subjects who are 11years old in this study and they were divided 2 group: 58 students(male: 33 female; 25) for the experimental group and 32 students(male: 17 female: 15 ) for the control group. The learning of the rope skipping of the experimental was designed each fiftheen minutes as three times a week for 20 weeks and duration was 8 months included summer vacation. The physical fitness measured at April, July and Novenber. The repeated measure ANOVA(p<.05) and t-test were used to the analysis. The results of the anlysis were as follows: The gility was improved after 8 months rope skipping the female was more effective than the male. But there was no effect in the power. And there was no effect in the muscle endurance, but wlightly improved in the 8 months. It was the endurance that the female was improved during 3 months, and the male was continuously improved during the 8 months, by the rope skipping.