The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of jumping rope exercise on physique, physique index and body composition of elementary school students according to body fat rate. The subject in this study were 37 boys and girls in 5th grade of elementary school studied regardless of the sexual distinguish: They were under a preliminary training for two weeks before the application of this program and then this jumping rope exercise program was practived for 16 weeks. Also, an examination before and the application of this program was carried out. this data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Scheffe teat and paired t- test. The results of this study were as follows. First of all, each had significant differnce on the girth of chest, arm\'s biceps and girth of a thigh bone. The girth of chest had significant differnce between a group A and a group b. the girth of thigh-bone had significant diference between a group A and a group C. moreover, all groups were significantly increased in stature, sitting - height , the girth of thigh - bone and the girth of arm\'s bicepts. Second of all, all groups were significantly increased by Rogrer\'s index. chest girth ritio had significant difference between a group A and a group b Third of all, all groups were significantly increased into muscles and body water. all groups were significantly reduced body fat and abdominal fat rate . group A was a little increased weight. But others group B and C were reduced weight muscle and body water had significant difference between A and C. We have obtained the following conclusion by the tested study result above. It shows that jumping rope exercise has a positive effect en staturem sitthing height the girth of arm\'s biceps and girth of thigh-bone. chest girth ratio. body water and muscle had difference among groups.