This study was analysis that elementary school student take part in swimming activity preference what kind of achievement goal orientation as perform regular exercise, effect of achievement goal orientation on intrinsic motivation. Conducted in 2008 in Busan, this study selected 330 subjects, who have taken in swimming course by means of the convenience sampling. As a data analysis method for the examination of hypothesis, research exploratory factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis have been executed, using Window SPSS Ver. 14.0 program. The major results are as follow. First, difference in achievement goal orientation and intrinsic motivation according to sex turned out that men group indicated higher task orientation, effort, interest than girl group but girl group indicated higher tension than men group. Second, it turned out that group with more participation period had better competence factor in intrinsic motivation than doing shorter group but tension factor was opposed to competence factor. Third, it turned out that group participating more hours had better competence factor in intrinsic motivation than group doing less the hours. Fourth, it turned out that group more participation frequency had better task orientation factor in achievement goal orientation, effort and interest in intrinsic motivation than group with less the participation frequency. Fifth, it turned out that task orientation in achievement goal orientation affected positively effort, interest, competence factor in intrinsic motivation but affected negatively tension factor. ※ Key words : elementary school student, swimming activity, achievement goal orientation, intrinsic motivation, participation degree