This paper is to study the historical changes of China s ODA policy for about 30 years from 1979 to 2010 in terms of Japan s aid to China. The focus was on what meaning it was interpreted as Japan s international status and how it affected Japan-China relations. Japan s ODA to China has changed not only on humanitarian grounds, but on purpose to increase Japan s economic interests and political power. Japan s economic aid and cooperation to China had a huge impact on China s economic development and improvement of its people s lives in the process of pushing for economic growth with a Reforms and Open Market Policy since the late 1970s. On the other hand, however, when the relationship between the two countries becomes a problem with political issues, it can not be denied that they used ODA as a means of economic sanctions. Japan s international aid to China has now ended today. However, from a long-term perspective, China s example has something to learn. In other words, it is expected to provide a directions on how to use it in the national interest in addition to its global partnership initiative.