This structural study examined the extent to which emotional leadership, followership, a sense of efficacy, and organizational commitment influence the job satisfaction of childcare teachers. It also investigated the direct effects among these variables and identified the teachers’ degree of job satisfaction by analyzing the relationship structure between variables. This research involved 894 childcare teachers; it was carried out over 3 weeks, from Feb 5, 2018 to Feb 28, 2018. A “fit” of measurement model and a structural regression model were evaluated using a Chi-Square(χ2), standardized Chi-Square (NC: Normed Chi-Square), RMSEA (root mean square error of approximation) of Steiger-Lind’s 90% confidence interval, TLI (Tucker-Lewis Index), a relative fit index, CFI (Comparative Fit Index), and an SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual. The statistical significance of the parameter was verified at a .05 significance level. First, the research findings showed that emotional leadership does not have a direct effect on the job satisfaction of childcare teachers. Followership, a sense of efficacy, and organizational commitment do have a direct effect on the job satisfaction of childcare teachers. Second, this study verified that the emotional leadership and followership of childcare teachers had direct effect on their sense of efficacy. Third, it found that the emotional leadership and followership of childcare teachers had a direct effect on their organizational commitment. The results of this study have shown that improvements in emotional leadership, followership, a sense of efficacy, and organizational commitment can improve the job satisfaction of childcare teachers. It also makes a significant contribution to the literature by comprehensively analyzing the relationship structure between variables through structural equation modeling in order to gain an inclusive understanding of the job satisfaction of childcare teachers.