The purpose of this study was to analyze the main tasks of teachers, the roles of future teachers, and the changes required in educational policies and the social environment. As the main research method, in-depth focus group interviews with primary and secondary school teachers were conducted. As a result of the analysis, what the teachers considered their main tasks were curriculum and class evaluation tasks, student life training tasks, homeroom teachers' tasks, professional development, and administrative tasks. The important roles of future teachers include supporting individualized learning, coaching and mentoring students, and building partnerships with parents and communities. Changes required in performing these teachers’ roles were divided into two areas: changes in the teacher's professional growth conditions and changes in the school's work and support system. In conclusion, it is suggested to share the direction of future school education, fundamentally improve the administrative support system, and enhance the sharing of internal accountability standards as requirements for performing expected teacher roles.