This study examined the similarities and differences between comprehensive musicianship and praxial music education by exploring the backgrounds of these two perspectives. Both perspectives share commonalities, such as actively incorporating research results from diverse disciplines into music education, emphasizing music from various periods and cultures, focusing on relation and integration, stressing the development of creativity, promoting student-centered education, and acknowledging the challenges within expansive integrated discipline of “comprehensive musicianship.” However, the two perspectives revealed the differences in the basic concept of comprehensive musicianship, the acceptance of critical theory and critical pedagogy, the ultimate purpose and goal of music education, and the emphasis on sociality. The praxial perspective prompts further research inquiries, including investigating observable differences in students’ lives, establishing a universal definition of music, and exploring its potential as a generalized theory.