The purpose of the study was to investigate middle school students from South Korea and the U.S. by level of academic achievement (i.e., students with and without risk for learning disability) reported in PIsA 2018 using the Diagnostic Classification Model. Specifically, mastery goals, performance approach goals, and performance avoidance goals were included as variables that measure the types of academic achievement goal, and competitiveness, fear of failure, and resilience were included as variables that measure academic motivational disposition. The following research questions guided this study. First, is the G-DINA model presented in this study reflecting the achievement goal theory valid? Second, what are the similarities and differences in the mastery patterns and ratio of achievement goal type and motivational disposition between students with and without risk for learning disability in South Korea and the United States? The results of this study were as follows. First, Q matrix developed in this study were found to be valid in both students with and without risk for learning disability groups in South Korea and the U.S.(SRMSR < .005). Second, there was a significant difference in achievement goal and motivational disposition patters between students with and without risk for learning disability in the U.S. whereas no significant difference was observed in South Korea. Specifically, unique mastery patterns were observed in the group of Korean students with risk for learning disability, which were not identified in the group of students with risk for learning disability in the U.S.: ‘mastery goal with competitiveness’, ‘mastery goal and performance approach goal with competitiveness’. Lastly, there was a motivational disposition that appeared in combination with a certain achievement goal type in both groups of students with and without risk for learning disability in South Korea and the U.S. That is, competitiveness and resilience were the motivational disposition that appeared consistently only in students who pursed mastery goals, performance approach goals, or both goals. Conclusively, the study provided implications for educational efforts and policy that need to be made at the student, school, and national levels to support the development of adaptive patterns of achievement goals and motivational disposition.