This study aimed to analyze the achievements and challenges of Korean education studies, starting from the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Educational Research Association. To this end, this study conducted a literature analysis of papers presented at the 70th anniversary annual conference of the Korean Educational Research Association. The results of the analysis show that the achievements of the 70 years of Korean education studies include (a) quantitative growth in education studies, (b) qualitative growth in education studies, (c) establishment of an academic activity foundation for education studies, and (d) support for the formation of Korean education policies and systems. Also, the challenges are as follows: (a) insufficient derivation of Korean educational theories, (b) widening gap between educational theories and practice, (c) insufficient formation of academic discourse, and (d) failure to lead educational policies and systems. In conclusion, despite the achievements of quantitative and qualitative growth in Korean educational studies through diverse and active academic societies and academic activities, the creation of Korean educational theories is still at a standstill and academic discourse has yet to be properly formed.