Objective: This study aimed to examine both the direct impact of maternal perceptions of family stress on preschoolers’ sleep problems and the indirect impact mediated through mother-child sleep interactions. Methods: A total of 250 mothers of preschool-aged children (3 to 5 years old) participated in this study. All mothers completed the survey, and a structural equation model was used to analyze the pathways between variables. To examine the individual mediating effects of sleep dependence, sleep conflict, and sleep reinforcement, phantom variables were set up, and the bootstrapping method was applied for each mediator. Results: Maternal perceptions of family stress had a direct effect on preschoolers’ sleep problems, with higher levels of perceived family stress associated with greater sleep problems in preschoolers. Regarding the mediating effects, maternal perceptions of family stress influenced preschoolers’ sleep problems through sleep dependence and sleep conflict. Specifically, mothers who perceived higher levels of family stress engaged in more sleepdependent and sleep-conflicted interactions with their children, which, in turn, led to increased sleep problems in preschoolers. However, sleep enhancement did not mediate the relationship between maternal perceptions of family stress and preschoolers’ sleep problems. Conclusions: Maternal perceptions of family stress not only directly contributed to preschoolers’ sleep problems but also indirectly affected them through sleep dependence and sleep conflict. These findings are expected to provide valuable guidelines for mothers of preschoolers with sleep problems, particularly in understanding the role of sleep-related interactions in the development of sleep problems.