This study compared and analyzed perceptions of digital citizenship between elementary sci ence-gifted students and general students. A survey on digital citizenship, composed of six sub factors (digital social understanding, digital security, empathy, social responsibility, critical think ing, and digital self-identification), was conducted with 144 elementary science-gifted students from a university-affiliated, science-gifted education center and 176 general students. Data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test to compare the digital citizenship of science-gifted students and general students, as well as gender differences within each group. Findings showed that elementary science-gifted students’ digital citizenship was statistically significantly higher than that of general students, and the same results were observed across all six subfactors. Regarding gender differences, no significant difference was found among science-gifted students, whereas among general students, male students exhibited statistically significantly higher digital citizenship than female students. Based on these results, implications for digital citizenship education were discussed, and suggestions for future research were proposed.