Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the sexual knowledge and attitude of rural elders and to identify correlations between the factors. Methods: Data were collected from 132 elderly people in J province who completed a structured questionnaire. Data were collected during March and April 2011, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: The participants' mean score for sexual knowledge was 18.30. There were significant differences in sexual knowledge according to the following general characteristics: marital status (F=5.357, p=.022), and type of financial support (F=3.232, p=.024). The participants' mean score for sexual attitude was 33.13. Significant differences in sexual attitude were found for the following general characteristics: gender (t=-3.922, p<.001), education level (F=7.508, p=.001), and religion (F=3.658, p=.007). The study results also showed that the more sexual knowledge the elders had, the more open-minded attitude they were (r=-.258, p<.01). Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the necessity of developing the educational programs and providing mediation that will help elders acquire more accurate knowledge and positive attitudes regarding sexuality.