This study compares and analyzes the vocabulary in the 'Social Interaction' chapter of the Korean Reading Textbook for the first grade elementary school, composed according to the Korean curriculum revised in 2007. Accordingly, I was able to get the following conclusions. First, the number of the vocabulary found in 'Social Interaction', 1st grade reading textbook revised in 2007, was less than that of the vocabulary found in 'Friendship' chapter, 1st grade reading textbook of the 7th curriculum. Reduction of vocabulary in 'Social Interaction' chapter could be a negative factor in facilitating effective class learning. Second, in the 'Social Interaction' chapter of the Korean Reading Textbook for the first grade elementary school, revised in 2007, the number of vocabulary that indicates 'Relationship' decreased. Due to the decrease of vocabularies that are related to mankind, it has restricted student's mutual relationship formation. Third, The significance of the chapter 'Social Interaction' in the Korean Reading Textbook for the first grade elementary school, revised in 2007, is immense in that the chapter is the first reading material for the students entering elementary school and that students learn the language through social relationships. Nonetheless, the 1st grade reading textbook did not fully represent the characteristics of the realm of 'Social Interaction' true to its intended purpose of language use. Therefore, bearing such limits of the Korean Reading Textbook in mind, elementary school teachers should encourage their students to read various books for their students to become competent, efficient readers. They should, also, make use of various reading materials in reading activities in order to help students use variety of vocabularies. In addition, they should help their students to build social relationships voluntarily and positively through abundant reading.