This study aims to explore the relationship of national identity and patriotism that are
recognized as two aspects of national identification. On the basis of Rothi and his fellows'
claims(2005) that national identification can be more enhanced through a combination of
national identity and patriotism, we set up combined model including all types of national
identity and patriotism to examine the specific relationships of these two concepts. In
addition, unlike previous Western-oriented studies, this study focuses to discover
characteristics of the oriental nations compared to western countries regarding the
relationships of national identity and patriotism. Based on the 2003 ISSP data, this research
finds following results. ① On the level of national identity, there is a difference from oriental
nations and western countries. Oriental nations have more strong ethnic identity than civic
national identity, whereas western countries have more strong civic identity than ethnic
identity. ② On the level of patriotism, oriental nations differ from western countries. Oriental
nations have more strong blind patriotism than constructive patriotism, whereas western
countries have more strong constructive patriotism than blind patriotism. However America
has high patriotism of all types ③ National identity has a positive impact on the patriotism.
But there are big differences from oriental nations and western countries in the degree of
impact. In the oriental nations, ethnic identity has more positive impact to the all types of
patriotism than civic identity. But contrast to these, the western countries have that civic
identity is more positive affect to the all types patriotism than ethnic identity. ④ Ethnic
identity is more positive affect to the blind patriotism than that of civic identity in the all
sample countries. ⑤ Impact of national identity to the constructive patriotism differs from
oriental nations and western countries. As a general discussion of the previous studies, civic
identity has more positive influence to the constructive patriotism than ethnic identity in the
western countries. But contrast to these, the oriental nations have that ethnic identity is
more positive affect to the constructive patriotism than civic identity. Based on these results,
this research discusses to the causes the differences between east and western countries and
future challenges.