The purpose of this study is to diagnose the state of moral values and conducts in elementary school pupils, and to make clear their interests and attitudes towards the course in Morals. The results of this study will help improve the teaching methods of moral education in elementary schools, and will also be the fundamental materials for the study of moral education. The subject group in this study consisted of a total of 1870 of the sixth grade pupils from city and rural elementary schools in the Eastern Districts. The instruments used are ⑴ 40 of Summated Rating Scales for measuring the moral qualities, and ⑵ Multiple-choice Type Scales for measuring the pupils' attitudes to the course in Morals. The results of this study are as follows; 1. 42.5% of the subject group had the responses in answer to the question “1 always keep observing.” as to moral conducts. 2. All of the group responded highly to the “Anti-Communist Life” and “National Life among five moral qualities domains. 3. City pupils showed higher responses to the “Life of Propriety” and “Anti-Communis” Life,” while rural pupils to the “National Life and “Social Life.” 4. Male pupils showed higher responses to the “Social Life” and “National Life,” while female pupils to the “Life of Propriety” and “Individual Life.” 5. Rural pupils are appeared to be much more interested in the Morals course. 6. Rural pupils responded to the fact that their moral character has been developed by moral education in school. 7. They responded that the lesson of the Morals course is given mostly by the teachercentered methods of instruction. 8. They responded that the subject matters of morals taught in school are hard to be carried out in their daily lifes, for lack of ability and intention.