The purpose of this paper is to determine if Case’s notion of learning strategy could be used for developing some priciples of individualized instruction. In order to introduce his theory, some critiques on behaviorist instructional technology have made in terms of its main ideas, such as the principle of reinforcement, specification of educational objectives, and research subjects. Moreover, the weaknesses of Gagnë’s notion of the hierarchical task analysis have been pointed out in terms of the variables of age and task. The instructional stragegies suggested were as follows : First, domain - specific learning stragegies should be taught to improve the quality of learning and to remedy learning deficiencies: Second, the strategies sued by successful students at the same grade, or one or two higher-level grade should be taught for unsuccessful students . In conclusion, regarding individual differences in a classroom situation, a teacher should consider learning strategies used by students, as well as learning hierarchy embodied in the learning task.