This paper studies the relations of participation of early childhood education institutions to basic
background of parents, mother's parenting efficacy and parenting stress and examines that how those
variables affect family participation in early childhood education institutions. To achieve these objectives,
the data set was obtained from 285 mothers of age 3-5 children attending early childhood education
institutions, and it was analyzed using Pearson r and multiple regression analysis. The study shows positive
relations of family participation to educational expenses, father's parenting involvement, and leisure hours
among basic background of parents. Additionally, it is shown that family participation has a positive
relationship with mother's parenting efficacy, and a negative relation with parenting stress. Lastly, basic
background of parents, mother's parenting efficacy and parenting stress are considered together in
influencing parents participating. The results show that mother's employment status and academic
background, father's occupation and mother's parenting efficacy among family background show significant
forecasting power in family participation.