This paper explores the complex relationships of different interest groups in the evaluation and accreditation system for the quality assurance of higher education with political process. For this purpose, the characteristics of different approach to the concepts of quality assurance and evaluation and accreditation was explored, and the groups which constitute its political ecological environment were identified. Then key participants who play major roles in the model of evaluation and accreditation were identified, and their interests, resource, motivations, and strategies were investigated. Lastly the current issues and suggestions of the evaluation and accreditation system were outlined Th study found that the evaluation and accreditation system is designed as political process and the conceptions of quality is made among competing groups for doing privileges some interests over others. Government and higher education institutes as key participants are competing with each other for having greater voice in designing and implementation of evaluation and accreditation system; recognition of evaluation and accreditation organizations, the purpose of the evaluation and accreditation, the differentiation of evaluation and accreditation criteria between universities and non-universities, the publication ways and utilization of accreditation results, and designing international evaluation and accreditation criteria. It is more useful to view it as a political dimension to minimize the problems and conflicts of groups in the designing and implementation of evaluation and accreditation system.