This study aimed to evaluate the effect of challenging physical activity on basic physical fitness and mental health in children. The subjects of this study were totally 60 people who were selected by simple random sampling. The challenging physical activity was provided with 3 times per week, during 12 week periods each of which was taken 30 minutes. They were assessed agility, power, muscle endurance, flexibility, endurance for the basic physical activity and SCL-47-R for the mental health. The collected data were analyzed by Paired t-test. The result indicated that. First, Participating in challenging physical activity results agility, muscular endurance, and endurance have brought positive results. Second, Participating in challenging physical activity results obsessive-compulsive, anxiety have brought positive results. In conclusion, physical activity is challenging fundamental part of school life with improved health and relieve stress, emotion helps to purify, stabilize mental health showed positive results.