The narrative structure of ‘reward’ and ‘punishment’ involves the deep structure of ‘lack - lack liquidated’, and it also involves the lower structure of ‘task - task completed’ or ‘contract - contract discharged’. The discourse form derived from the narrative structure of ‘reward’ and ‘punishment’ is called as ‘quest story’ or ‘competition story’.
The myth, espicially myth of establishment of country is the sacred accomplishment discourse of divine person or heroic person, and it becomes for the most part ‘reward’ narrative. But the myth sung by shaman has also lots of ‘punishment’ narrative as well as ‘reward’ narrative. At that point, every kinds of myth primarily seems to have same degree of narrative structure of ‘reward’ and ‘punishment’.
The folk tales reveal ‘reward’ narrative strongly, but on the other hand the legend emphasizes the ‘punishment’ narrative relatively. It is the reason why the folk tales give a priority on the aspect that the desire of the self is actualized and in legend, that the violence of world repress the desire of the self.
The classical novel organize narrative structure of ‘reward’ and ‘punishment’ with balance each other. The ‘reward’ narrative in folk tales and the ‘punishment’ narrative in regend are synthesized in classical novel. This point in classical novel resembles the narrative structure of myth. But classical novel is different from myth in that classical novel is contextualized politcally and domestically according to social situation at that period.
The narrative structure of ‘reward’ and ‘punishment’ were repeated as a narrative tradition from the ancient society. Oral story performed by older men or expert narrators was regarded as social or moral education in ancient society. In that society, ‘reward’ and ‘punishment’ narratives become the core part of story and the fixed shaped form in the course of the transmission from generation to generation. Our classical novels are written literature with personality, but it\'s originality of the narrative structuring depends on the oral tradition.